Join us. Literature Topics Visual Perception. Your constantly-updated definition of Visual Perception and collection of topical content and literature.
What is Visual Perception? Order literature by: Most shared in this topic Latest UX literature in this topic Please check the value and try again. Data Visualization for Human Perception. Data visualization is the graphical display of abstract information for two purposes: sense-making also called data ana Book chapter.
Read book chapter. It is important to know that while neuroscience has progressed dramatically over the last decades; there is no complete shares 5 years ago. Read article. Vision and Visual Perception Challenges. It sounds so simple; take some light and turn it into an understanding of the world around you — we all do it every day; shares 3 years ago.
Visual Memory: The ability to recall visual traits of a form or object. Visual Spatial Relation Ships: Understanding the relationships of objects within the environment. Visual Sequential-Memory: The ability to recall a sequence of objects in the correct order. Visual Figure Ground: The ability to locate something in a busy background.
Visual Closure: The ability to recognise a form or object when part of the picture is missing. How can I tell if my child has problems with visual perception? If a child has difficulties with visual perception they might have difficulty: Completing puzzles or dot to dots. Planning actions in relation to objects around them.
Losing place on a page when reading or writing. Remembering left and right. Forgetting where to start reading. Sequencing letters or numbers in words or math problems. Remembering the alphabet in sequence, Coping from one place to another e. Dressing i. Discriminating between size of letters and objects. Remembering sight words. Completing partially drawn pictures or stencils. Filtering out visual distractions such as colorful bulletin boards or movement in the room in order to attend to the task at hand.
Sorting and organizing personal belongings e. With hidden picture activities or finding a specific item in a cluttered desk. What other problems can occur when a child has difficulties with visual perception? When a child has visual perception difficulties, they might also have difficulties with: Academic performance: The ease and skill with which they can complete academic tasks.
Attention and concentration: Sustained effort, doing activities without distraction and being able to hold that effort long enough to get the task done. Behaviour: They may avoid or refuse to participate in activities that require visual perceptual skills. Frustration: With precise eye and hand tasks. Avoidance: They may prefer to get others to perform tasks for them under their direction, rather than actually doing themselves e. Organisation: They may have difficulty keeping track of and organising belongings.
Perhaps the major criticism of the constructivists is that they have underestimated the richness of sensory evidence available to perceivers in the real world as opposed to the laboratory where much of the constructivists' evidence has come from.
Constructivists like Gregory frequently use the example of size constancy to support their explanations. That is, we correctly perceive the size of an object even though the retinal image of an object shrinks as the object recedes.
They propose that sensory evidence from other sources must be available for us to be able to do this. However, in the real world, retinal images are rarely seen in isolation as is possible in the laboratory. There is a rich array of sensory information including other objects, background, the distant horizon and movement.
This rich source of sensory information is important to the second approach to explaining perception that we will examine, namely the direct approach to perception as proposed by Gibson.
This is crucial because Gregory accepts that misperceptions are the exception rather than the norm. Illusions may be interesting phenomena, but they might not be that informative about the debate.
This suggests that perception is necessary for survival — without perception we would live in a very dangerous environment. Our ancestors would have needed perception to escape from harmful predators, suggesting perception is evolutionary. James Gibson argues that perception is direct, and not subject to hypotheses testing as Gregory proposed.
There is enough information in our environment to make sense of the world in a direct way. For Gibson: sensation is perception: what you see if what you get.
There is no need for processing interpretation as the information we receive about size, shape and distance etc. Gibson argued that perception is a bottom-up process, which means that sensory information is analyzed in one direction: from simple analysis of raw sensory data to ever increasing complexity of analysis through the visual system.
This optic array provides unambiguous information about the layout of objects in space. Light rays reflect off of surfaces and converge into the cornea of your eye. Because of movement and different intensities of light shining in different directions it is an ever changing source of sensory information. Therefore, if you move, the structure of the optic array changes.
According to Gibson, we have the mechanisms to interpret this unstable sensory input, meaning we experience a stable and meaningful view of the world. Changes in the flow of the optic array contain important information about what type of movement is taking place.
The flow of the optic array will either move from or towards a particular point. If the flow appears to be coming from the point, it means you are moving towards it. If the optic array is moving towards the point you are moving away from it. They supply us with crucial information. Another invariant is the horizon-ratio relation. The ratio above and below the horizon is constant for objects of the same size standing on the same ground.
Are, in short, cues in the environment that aid perception. Important cues in the environment include:. Gives the impression of surfaces receding into the distance. Objects with smaller images are seen as more distant. A large number of applications can be applied in terms of his theory e. His theory is reductionist as it seeks to explain perception solely in terms of the environment.
There is strong evidence to show that the brain and long term memory can influence perception. Gibson's emphasis on DIRECT perception provides an explanation for the generally fast and accurate perception of the environment. However, his theory cannot explain why perceptions are sometimes inaccurate, e. He claimed the illusions used in experimental work constituted extremely artificial perceptual situations unlikely to be encountered in the real world, however this dismissal cannot realistically be applied to all illusions.
For example, Gibson's theory cannot account for perceptual errors like the general tendency for people to overestimate vertical extents relative to horizontal ones.
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