Red spitting cobras may exhibit elevated rates of tongue flicking and hissing when threatened. Red spitting cobras, like many snakes, is a top predator in their wild habitats. Red spitting cobras consume rodents, birds, lizards, and amphibians.
Apicomplexans Caryospora najae are a known parasite of this species. Matuschka, ; Mullin and Seigel, ; Novak, et al. Red spitting cobras have a unique color to their scales, which are used in textiles. Red spitting cobras are also purchased by enthusiasts due to their color and spitting behaviors. Their venom has been studied as have the mechanisms behind their very accurate spitting behavior , and has been shown to be a combination of neurotoxins and cytotoxins.
Researchers have produced useful antivenins by studying the composition of Naja pallida venom. Red spitting cobras have lethal venom that can cause severe swelling, paralysis, and skin necrosis. Their venom can be shot at high distances and, if it makes contact with the eye, can cause swelling, conjunctivitis, or blindness if untreated.
High costs of live-saving antivenin and loss of ability to work can be negative impacts of a bite. Krimm, et al. This species is not listed on any other federal or international lists. It appears that this species may be currently stable. Animals with bilateral symmetry have dorsal and ventral sides, as well as anterior and posterior ends.
Synapomorphy of the Bilateria. Found in coastal areas between 30 and 40 degrees latitude, in areas with a Mediterranean climate. Vegetation is dominated by stands of dense, spiny shrubs with tough hard or waxy evergreen leaves. May be maintained by periodic fire.
In South America it includes the scrub ecotone between forest and paramo. Vegetation is typically sparse, though spectacular blooms may occur following rain. Deserts can be cold or warm and daily temperates typically fluctuate.
In dune areas vegetation is also sparse and conditions are dry. This is because sand does not hold water well so little is available to plants. In dunes near seas and oceans this is compounded by the influence of salt in the air and soil. Salt limits the ability of plants to take up water through their roots.
The act or condition of passing winter in a torpid or resting state, typically involving the abandonment of homoiothermy in mammals. Iteroparous animals must, by definition, survive over multiple seasons or periodic condition changes. A terrestrial biome. Savannas are grasslands with scattered individual trees that do not form a closed canopy. Extensive savannas are found in parts of subtropical and tropical Africa and South America, and in Australia.
A grassland with scattered trees or scattered clumps of trees, a type of community intermediate between grassland and forest. See also Tropical savanna and grassland biome. Vegetation is made up mostly of grasses, the height and species diversity of which depend largely on the amount of moisture available. Fire and grazing are important in the long-term maintenance of grasslands. Brazzaville, Africa: World Health Organization.
Department of the Navy Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. Poisonous Snakes of the World. Washington, D. Boyer, T. Chiszar, K. Estep, C. Stimulus control of predatory behaviour in red spitting cobras Naja mossambica pallida and prairie rattlesnakes Crotalus v. Cascardi, J. Young, H. Husic, J.
Protein variation in the venom spat by the red spitting cobra, Naja pallida Reptilia: Serpentes. Taxicon , Chiszar, D. Stimac, C. Prey recognition learning by red spitting cobras, Naja mossambica pallida.
Cox, M. Jintakune, W. Wuster, R. Thorpe, J. Kardong, K. Kiene, E. Proximate Factors affecting the predatory behavior of the red spitting cobra, Naja mossambica pallida. Krimm, H. Rasmussen, B. On the 'spitting' behavior in cobras Serpentes: Elapidae.
Largen, M. Catalogue of the snakes of Ethiopia Reptilia Serpentes , including identification keys. Mailafiya, D. Le Ru, E. Kairu, P. Calatayud, S. Species diversity of lepidopteran stem borer parasitoids in cultivated and natural habitats in Kenya. Matuschka, F. Caryospora najae sp. Apicomplexa: Sporozoea, Eimeriidae from the spitting cobra, Naja nigricollis pallida Serpentes: Elapidae. Morgan, D. Husbandry and propagation of the cape cobra Naja nivea at the Manyeleti Reptile Centre. Mullin, S.
Snakes Ecology and Conservation. Novak, S. Seigel, J. Snakes Ecology and Evolutionary Biology. O'Shea, M. Venomous Snakes of the World. Parker, H. Phelps, T. Poisonous Snakes. Seigel, R.
Snakes Ecology and Behavior. Snider, A. Sopkova, D. Bila, L. Kresakova, Z. Andrejcakova, V. Petrilla, R. Comparisons of the African cobras using electrophoetical analysis of venom and their morphology. Stuart, B. Wogan, L. Grismer, M. Auliya, R. Authorities say the zebra cobra belongs to a resident of the neighborhood.
Police said Tuesday morning that the cobra remains on the loose and could spit and bite if cornered.
According to the African Snakebite Institute , spitting cobras can "bite people and prey, and venom is easily injected. Under North Carolina state law , it is "unlawful for any person to own, possess, use, transport, or traffic in any venomous reptile that is not housed in a sturdy and secure enclosure. This is a shy snake that will choose to escape, but will spread a hood and bite readily if cornered.
Open in Our App. Download it here. A venomous cobra is on the loose in Raleigh. Call immediately if you see it, police say.
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