Cancer Research UK has more information about testicular cancer risks and causes. Testicular cancer is 1 of the most treatable types of cancer, and the outlook is 1 of the best for cancers. Cancer Research UK has more information about survival rates for testicular cancer. Almost all men who are treated for testicular germ cell tumours are cured, and it's rare for the condition to return more than 5 years later.
Treatment almost always includes the surgical removal of the affected testicle orchidectomy or orchiectomy , which does not usually affect fertility or the ability to have sex. In some cases, chemotherapy or, less commonly, radiotherapy may be used for seminomas but not non-seminomas.
Find out more about treating testicular cancer. In this video, Mark and Jack discuss the importance of checking for early warning signs of testicular cancer. Page last reviewed: 14 June Next review due: 14 June Information: Coronavirus advice Get advice about coronavirus and cancer: Macmillan: Coronavirus guidance for people with cancer Cancer Research UK: Coronavirus and cancer.
Stories about potential causes of cancer are often in the media. We have more detailed information for health professionals about testicular cancer risks and causes. Testicular cancer is cancer that develops in the testicles. The testicles are part of the male reproductive system. Your type of testicular cancer depends on which type of cell it started in.
Knowing your type helps the doctor decide which treatment you need. You usually start by seeing your GP. They might refer you for tests or to a specialist if you have symptoms that could be caused by testicular cancer.
You usually have surgery and might have chemotherapy or radiotherapy. This depends on the stage and type of your testicular cancer. About Cancer generously supported by Dangoor Education since Questions about cancer? Call freephone 9 to 5 Monday to Friday or email us.
Skip to main content. Home About cancer Testicular cancer Risks and causes. Find out about the causes of testicular cancer. What is a risk factor? Anything that can increase your risk of getting a disease is called a risk factor. Risk factors for testicular cancer Undescended testicles cryptorchidism.
Abnormal cells in the testicle carcinoma in situ. CIS is most often found when a man has a testicular biopsy to check for infertility. Pain, swelling or lumps in your testicle or groin area may be a sign or symptom of testicular cancer or other medical conditions requiring treatment. See your doctor if you detect any pain, swelling or lumps in your testicles or groin area, especially if these signs and symptoms last longer than two weeks. There is a problem with information submitted for this request.
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You will also receive emails from Mayo Clinic on the latest about cancer news, research, and care. Doctors know that testicular cancer occurs when healthy cells in a testicle become altered.
Healthy cells grow and divide in an orderly way to keep your body functioning normally. But sometimes some cells develop abnormalities, causing this growth to get out of control — these cancer cells continue dividing even when new cells aren't needed.
The accumulating cells form a mass in the testicle. Nearly all testicular cancers begin in the germ cells — the cells in the testicles that produce immature sperm. What causes germ cells to become abnormal and develop into cancer isn't known. An undescended testicle cryptorchidism. The testes form in the abdominal area during fetal development and usually descend into the scrotum before birth.
Some of these risk factors include:. Age: Approximately 80 percent of testicular cancers occur in adult men under the age of 44, and more than half occur in men between 20 and 34 years old. Race and ethnicity: Caucasian men have a five times greater risk of developing testicular cancer than black men, and a three times greater risk compared with Asian-American or American Indian men. Testicular cancer also occurs more frequently in the United States and Europe, and less often in Asia or Africa.
Family history: Approximately 3 percent of cases of testicular cancer occur in families. Having a brother or father who has had testicular cancer may slightly increase your risk of developing the disease. Cryptorchidism an undescended testicle : Testicles develop in the abdomen of the fetus and move down into the scrotum before birth. Approximately 3 percent of males may be born with a testicle that has failed to properly descend.
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